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Existing distribution grid has a designed SC capacity of the protective equipment, which ensures that the equipment is able to interrupt or withstand the SC current reasonably. The significance of these impacts depends on the level of integration, one such alarming and often overlooked impact which poses a serious challenge in the process of integration, is the change in SC level of the system. The solar PV impacts on the distribution system are addressed as voltage variation, voltage unbalance, harmonics, reverse power flow, change in short circuit level and protection malfunction. The integration of solar PV in the downstream of radial distribution system changes the electrical characteristics of network and introduces critical challenges. The integration of more and more renewable energy sources like solar PV is expected in future power grid, therefore a proper planning study is required at the time of integration to ensure the reliable operation of the system. Such situation has to be managed to ensure the protection coordination and reliability of the system. Moreover, the varying network conditions also alter the SC current and fault level of the system. It is found that, with solar PV integration, the major change in fault level occurs due to the three phase fault then followed by double line to ground and other faults. Paper also reports that the grid strength and neutral grounding techniques significantly affect the inverter SC current.
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The network is analyzed according to IEC 60909 standard and the alteration in SC current and fault level by the inverters is reported. In order to investigate the issue, a generic urban distribution feeder is modeled, which supplies power to the loads of varying nature. This edition constitutes a technical revision.The aim of this paper is to analyze the short circuit (SC) behavior and variation in fault level due to solar PV inverters in a smart distribution network. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2000. The example given in Clause 8 is new and mirrors the introduction of the new 6.8 of IEC 60909-0:2016.Ĭlause 9 gives the circuit diagram and the data of a test network and the results for a calculation carried out in accordance with IEC 60909-0, to offer the possibility for a comparison between the results found with a digital program for the calculation of short-circuit currents and the given results for and in a high-voltage network with power station units, generators, asynchronous motors and lines in four different voltage levels 380 kV, 110 kV, 30 kV and 10 kV. The three examples given in Clauses 5, 6 and 7 are similar to those given in IEC TR 60909-4:2000 but they are revised in accordance with IEC 60909-0, which replaces it. This document does not include additional requirements but gives support for the modelling of electrical equipment in the positive-sequence, the negative-sequence and the zero-sequence system (Clause 4), the practical execution of calculations in a low-voltage system (Clause 5), a medium-voltage system with asynchronous motors (Clause 6) and a power station unit with its auxiliary network feeding a large number of medium-voltage asynchronous motors and low-voltage motor groups (Clause 7). IEC TR 60909-4:2021 which is a Technical Report, is intended to give help for the application of IEC 60909-0 for the calculation of short-circuit currents in 50 Hz or 60 Hz three-phase AC systems.
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2.0 en:2021 Short-circuit currents in three-phase AC systems - Part 4: Examples for the calculation of short-circuit currents